to be able to continue the instruction on the following row. The size of both arrays must match, otherwise the formatting by not be applied. The labels are going to be setup with the same values but in Latex string format, as: ha.x_ticks=tlist(. Ha.x_ticks=tlist(,locations_array,labels_array) įor out particular case, we are going to setup the locations in decimal equivalent of the radians, starting with 0 and incrementing with π/2 up to 4π. All you have to do is use the baseband signal, instead of the integral of the baseband signal, as the time. Scilab code Solution 5.1 Exponentially Growing signals 1 //Exponentiallydecayingsignal 2 clc 3 clf 4 clearall 5 disp( ’ Exponentially Decaying signal ’) 6 N2 7 a. To format both the locations and the labels we need to use this Scilab format: Phase modulation is closely related to frequency modulation: xP M (t) sin(Ct+xBB(t)) x P M ( t) sin ( C t + x B B ( t)) Thus, if you want to analyze a phase-modulated signal, almost everything in this article will be applicable. 7 xsin(2pitf) 8 plot(t,x) 9 title( ’ sine wave ’) 10 xlabel( ’ t ’) 11 ylabel( ’x ’) Scilab code Solution 1.2 cosine wave 6. If you do not explicitly supply the name of the variable to store the answer, Scilab uses a variable named ans to store such results. This means that the axis tick labels are formatted as a Tlist variable, which contains two arrays: first with the locations of the ticks, second with the labels of the ticks. >piatan(1.0)4 pi 3.1415927->sin(pi/4) ans 0.7071068->exp(0.1) ans 1.1051709 Usually the answer of a calculation is stored in a variable so that it could be used later. For our example, the tick labels of the x-axis are displayed by entering the instruction ha.x_ticks at the Scilab console: To read the full-text of this research, you can request a copy. To understand how the axis tick labels are set, we’ll use the gca() function handle. Machine Intelligence of Pi From Geometrical Figures With Variable Parameters Using SCILab. For a better understanding of the behaviour of the function we need to have the x-axis in radians, exactly as the function argument (variable t). 3.1416 = π) but it’s not what we expected. As you can see, the ticks on the x-axis are labeled with decimal numbers. Setting this value opens the outer loop and configures the inner loop to uses a constant nominal voltage reference of 12.5 instead.Image: Trigonometric function plot in Scilab – formatted To enable the tuning process for the inner-loop controller, in the Autotuning Voltage subsystem, set the Tune Inner Voltage Loop constant block value to 1. Tune Inner-Loop PI Controllerįor tuning cascade controllers, set up the model for tuning the inner voltage loop first, followed by the outer speed loop. If the amplitude you choose is too small, the autotuner block has difficulty distinguishing the response signals from ripple in the power electronics circuits. When the plant is stable, as in this example, the plant sign is equivalent to the sign of its DC gain.įor the amplitude of the sine waves injected during the autotuning process, use 1 to ensure that the plant is suitably excited while remaining within the plant saturation limit. Here, Plant Sign is Positive, as a positive change in the plant input at the nominal operating point results in a positive change in the plant output, when the plant reaches a new steady state. You specify parameters for this experiment on the Experiment tab of the block parameters. The Closed-Loop PID Autotuner block performs a closed-loop experiment to obtain the plant frequency response. These values ensure that the inner-loop controller has a faster response than the outer-loop controller. For the inner-loop controller, choose an estimated target bandwidth of 400 rad/sec. The controller sample time is 100 microseconds.Ī Target Phase Margin of 60 degrees for both controllers gives a good balance between performance and robustness.įor the outer-loop controller, choose a Target Bandwidth of 100 rad/sec. In this example, the controllers are parallel, discrete-time, PI controllers. To specify tuning requirements for the PID controllers, use the parameters on the Tuning tab of each of the PID autotuner blocks. Then, tune the outer speed loop with the inner voltage loop closed. Following the typical cascade loop tuning practice, first tune the inner voltage loop with the outer speed loop open.
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